There are at least two types of feedback in communication: feedback to show we have understood or less a message feedback to one’s behaviour Both are important aspects in communication because they allow to: reduce misunderstandings. change negative behaviours reducing conflicts. Give feedback to show we have understood a message To reduce misunderstanding, some useful strategies are: ask questions repeat in our own words the message we have received to have confirmation from the sender that we have really understood the message Give feedback about one’s behaviour Sometimes it is not simple giving feedback because we may hurt the other person.

To learn how to communicate well, it is necessary to understand how communication works. To understand how communication works, it is useful to represent it through a model. Several theorists have proposed different models of communication that are simplified representation of the communication. Here I report a resume of the main concepts behind these models. The main components of a communication are: Component Description Information what the sender wants to convey to the receiver.

In the book Creiamo cultura insieme is reported a process that we use to evaluate other people’s behaviours. The various phases of the process are: We select some pieces of the reality we live We give a meaning to these pieces We evaluate the behaviour comparing it with an expected behaviour We interpret the behaviour We judge the behaviour Therefore we evaluate people based on our filters (our own selection of the information received, expected behaviour, our own interpretation).

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In various articles are reported that active listening have downsides. In particolar the following downsides are reported: Downside How to mitigate it When there is conflict between sender and receiver, active listening does not work Dialogue instead of discuss Sometimes it is not the right time to interrupt the other person to paraphrasing, providing feedback and asking questions Understand when it is the right time to interrupt basing on the context and the needs of the other person.

Active listening is a technique that consists in: listening what the other person is saying observing the verbal, non-verbal and para-verbal communication providing feedback asking questions and paraphrasing what the speaker is saying to know if what we have understood is what the other person was trying to deliver. The purpose of active listening is to reduce misunderstanding. The difference with passive listening is that with passive listening the focus is listening to respond, while with active listening the focus is listening to understand.