The main principles about leadership are:

• Acknowledge emotions and needs and handle them
• Create and clearly communicate what has to be done to reach a shared vision
• Observe the gap between the reality and the vision and then define a strategy to reduce this gap.
• Define goals
• Motivate people
• Balance help and demand

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To be done

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• Motivation
• How to lead people that do not have a common goal

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The role of the leader is very difficult if the people they lead do not have a shared vision and goals.

People tend to satisfy their needs, therefore it is important for the leader to:

• understand the needs of the people
• reframe vision presenting the vision in terms of personal growth and impact for the people rather than for the organizational success alone.
• connect personal goals to organizational vision.
• make benefits tangible considering both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation

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• What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?

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Being able to create a vision is important for a leader (see How to become a leader).

In the course Inspiring and Motivating individuals are reported some advice to create a vision. In particular the vision should answer to the following questions:

• Why we do what we do?
• What is our definition of success? How will we say we have succeeded?
• What are the values the should lead our decisions and actions?

The vision should be then communicated effectively, in particular it should:

A leader should be able to manage errors and problems to reach the vision.

Some good principles to follow to manage errors and problems that I have learned are:

• In case of errors, find the reason not the guilty.
• Ask why to understand the reasons of the problems.
• After having found the reasons, focus on solving the problems instead to speaking about the problems without proposing options to solve them.
• Balance creating an environment where errors are considered part of the learning process with holding the people accountable for their mistakes. This can be achieved by following the principles outlined above, while clearly communicating to individuals that they should do their best to avoid making the same errors in the future.

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• il Decalogo del Leader | Julio Velasco

In the book Primal Leadership are reported that there are different leadership styles. Some styles are preferable over others. Some styles are useful in some situations, others in others situations. As almost always it is important to find a balance between the various options. Therefore it is important to know all the different styles in order to be able to use them in function of the context. Other popular styles are: