Concept maps are graphical tools for organizing and representing knowledge.

They include:

• concepts usually enclosed in boxes
• relationship between concepts indicated by arrows that connect two concepts
• words on the arrows that specify the relationship between the two concepts.

Related Questions:

• What is a concept

Related Topics:

• Learning
• Communication

References

• The Theory Underlying Concept Maps and How to Construct Them | 2006 | Joseph D. Novak, Alberto J. Cañas

To be done

Related Questions:

Related Topics:

• How to design a communication
• Problem solving

References

The following are suggestions some collected from various sources:

• Maintain the following structure: Subject, verb, complement.
• Avoid the use of more than one or two phrases subordinate to the main phrase.
• Prefer active phrases than passive phrases
• Avoid double negation
• If you have to read the phrase more than one time, it means that it has not designed properly.

Related Questions:

Related Topics:

• Communication

References

The following are suggestions some collected from various sources:

• Choose the words considering what is the meaning the other person assign to the words.
• Use these three principles:
  • Clarity and simplicity: choose the simpler words to convey a message.
  • Precision: use words specific to what we want to convey.
  • Pertinence: use words adequate to the context.

Related Questions:

Related Topics:

• Communication

References

A message can be divided in three parts:

• what we want truly transmit.
• what we have transmitted that is the meaning or interpretation of the message.
• the words and phrases used to transmit the message.

It is necessary to be aware that the message understood is not typically exactly the same of the one we truly wanted to transmit.

Some causes may be:

• We choose words and phrases that have different meaning of what we wanted to transmit.
• We choose words and phrases that have a meaning coherent to what we want to transmit, but the other person assign a different meaning to the words and phrases we used.
• The other person interprets the message basing on one’s beliefs. Therefore if the two people have different beliefs, they may interpret the message in different ways.

It is therefore important to:

The following are suggestions some collected from various contents and some from my own thoughts to communicate effectively:

• To communicate effectively we have to develop our verbal, nonverbal and paraverbal communication.
• Communication has to be adequate to the goal and the audience of the communication itself otherwise it is likely to create misunderstanding and fail to achieve our goal.
• Think how other people you want to communicate with would think. Think about what they know and don’t know to design the message so that it is more likely to be understood.
• Clarify the purpose of your message to be sure about what you want to communicate.
• Design the communication clarifying what ideas and in what order you want to say.
• Ask yourself these 5 questions before to design a message:
  • What do I have to communicate?
  • Who do I have to communicate with?
  • Why do I have to communicate this message? What is the purpose?
  • What is the audience and the context of the message?
  • When is the best time to communicate this message?
• It is more effective to eliminate all the things that are not related to the final message we want to send. This reduces the likelihood to create misunderstanding.
• Pay attention to the feedback from the other person.
• Take the time you need to think about what you want to transmit and what is the best way to communicate it.
• Empathy helps to communicate effectively because helps to:
  • reduce misunderstanding
  • reduce conflicts
  • understand how the other’s person are interpreting the message we have delivered.
• Try to understand what are the needs the other person has related to the message one is trying to communicate.
• Sometime, to reduce misunderstanding, repeat without modification what the other person said or did in order to allow them to process what they said.

Related Questions:

• What are the differences between verbal, non-verbal and para-verbal communication

Related Topics:

• Communication
• Communication - Definitions

References

• Creiamo cultura insieme | 2021 | Irene Facheris
• How to win friends and influence people | 2018 | Dale Carnagie